At the end of the top right side of the detached fragment there are remains of a cross. Traces of short horizontal, probably ornamental lines are visible right above the first line, which is effaced.<\/p>" }, { "label": "Title", "value": "Christian Prayer Amulet and Receipt for the Payment of Wheat" }, { "label": "Acquisition", "value": "
The precise acquisition circumstances of the papyrus are unknown. The Rylands papyrus collection is the outcome of different purchases. The bulk of the collection derives from the acquisition in 1901 by Enriqueta Rylands of the Crawford manuscript collection from James Lindsey, 26th Earl of Crawford. To this was added smaller acquisitions through the agency of B. R Grenfell and A. S. Hunt (1901 onwards), C. Schmitt and H. Deissmann (1912), J. Rendel Harris (1917-19) and finally B. R. Grenfell alone (1920). The purchases took place in different parts of Egypt, and are often unrecorded or only partially recorded in the Library archives. As a result, it is very difficult if not impossible to establish the modern provenance for this papyrus.<\/p>" }, { "label": "Date of Creation", "value": "6th century CE [late] - 7th century CE [early]" }, { "label": "Origin Place", "value": "Tertembythis" }, { "label": "Origin", "value": "6th century CE [late] - 7th century CE [early]Found: Hermopolites (modern El-Ashmunein), Egypt. Early provenance: Tertembythis (within modern El-Ashmunein)." }, { "label": "Script", "value": "
A Christian prayer amulet is located on the recto, and the remains of a receipt for the payment of wheat and maybe money for the annona is located on the verso, written along the fibres after the papyrus was folded and turned over.<\/p>
Recto<\/a> translation courtesy of Roberta Mazza: May you fear, all who rule over the earth. Know, you nations and peoples, that Christ is our God. For he spoke and they came to being, he commanded and they were created; he put all (people) under our feet and delivered us from the will of our enemies. Our God prepared a sacred table in the desert for the people and gave manna of the new covenant of Christ to eat, the Lord's immortal body and the blood of Christ poured for us in remission of sins.<\/p> Verso<\/a> translation courtesy of Roberta Mazza: Village of Tertembuthis embole . . . through Menas for adaeratio two artabae of wheat, in total 2 artabae of wheat. And for your surety I have made this complete receipt as above written. . . . Tertembuthis ... Menas, assistant, I agree and wrote (?) ...<\/p><\/p>"
},
{
"label": "Bibliography",
"value": " The papyrus has been recently restored and glazed.<\/p> The prayer amulet is complete, except for the detachment of a portion from the top left side, which is, however, mostly preserved as a fragment, and some smaller losses on the right side that do not compromise the reading.<\/p>"
},
{
"label": "Provenance",
"value": " The palaeographical dating to the end of the 6th or beginning of the 7th century AD for both texts was confirmed by carbon dating analysis of a small fragment from the papyrus that was broken off in the plastic envelope: the papyrus was produced between 574 and 660 with a margin of certainty of 95.4%; between 608 and 650 with a margin of 68.2%.<\/p> The papyrus was processed through multispectral imaging by the John Rylands Library photographers and some improvement in the quality of the digital image on the back was obtained by the team of Michael Toth of \"R. B. Toth Associates\" using blue light. The use of this technology has not only dramatically improved the legibility of the text in question, but has also led to the discovery of the ancient provenance of the papyrus: the village of Τερτεμβυθισ, or at least the Hermopolite nome.<\/p> Purchased on the antiquities market at some point between 1898 and 1920.<\/p>"
},
{
"label": "Date of Acquisition",
"value": "1901"
}
],
"@type": "sc:Manifest",
"attribution": "Provided by The University of Manchester. Zooming image © University of Manchester Library, All rights reserved.<\/p> Images and Metadata made available for download are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Images and Metadata made available for download are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).",
"structures": [
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"description": " A Christian prayer amulet is located on the recto, and the remains of a receipt for the payment of wheat and maybe money for the annona is located on the verso, written along the fibres after the papyrus was folded and turned over.<\/p>
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"label": "Format",
"value": "Sheet"
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{
"label": "Material(s)",
"value": "Papyrus"
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{
"label": "Condition",
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