Richly illuminated with miniatures in the form of circular medallions. Extensively rubricated in red and blue ink.<\/p>
The Tree structure<\/b> (based on James' diagram, in the Descriptive Catalogue of the Latin Manuscripts, page 51<\/a>):<\/p> The chief interest lies primarily in the secondary branches (tendrils) of foliage. These are generally numbered, following (or ascending with) each branch from left to right up the Tree, while the medallions containing miniatures are designated by the letters (A), (B), (C), (D), unless otherwise indicated. Also added, is the ancestral figure (V) or other figure contained in the trunk of the Tree. The top and bottom of the Tree have a different arrangement.<\/p> <\/p> Frame 2<\/a><\/p> The roll starts with a 40-line text, with rubricated paraph marks (pilcrows) in red and blue ink. This appears to be written on an oversized scroll, held by a half-length figure of a bishop (in the upper margin of the text) wearing a mitre and cope, and flanked by two coats of arms. On the left: Gules two keys in saltire Sable (originally probably Argent), and on the right: Azure a star of eight points Or. The text, much of which is very hard to read, begins with a 4-line blue initial 'A': 'Ad euidenciam huius arboris et eorum que in ea continentur sciendum est quod ideo hec arbor fuit inventa ut per picturas et scripturas que in ipsa sibi inuicem miro ordine correspondent daretur intelligi consonantia noui et ueteris testamenti ... Vocatur autem arbor caritatis et misericordie. ...<\/i>'. <\/p> The text continues with giving further information about its nature and scope of contents. It begins at the bottom, reading from left to right along each of the branches 'qui sunt numero xlviij<\/i>' (48 in number). The arrangement of the types, antitypes, and inscriptions is set forth. In the central trunk is the Genealogy of Christ. The divergences from the normal plan, which are found at the top and bottom of the Tree are described at great length: 'in medio contra (or iuxta) stipitem auctor se ipsum depinxit in forma et habitu episcopi ut ipse est<\/i>'. From this text it also appears that at the top, the two topmost angels, the Trinity, the rows of cherubim and seraphim, each count as branches. The last-named is described as the third branch.<\/p> The author ends with a prayer that he may ascend all the branches of the tree and rest at the summit and be rewarded 'in qua, pro mercede operis et picture atque scripture recipiat Ihesum Christum et eterne glarie requiem, quam sibi et fidelibus suis omnibus concedere dignetur, ...<\/i>'.<\/p> Next, above this text, is a 6-line poem written in black ink, with rubricated lines of text in red, and initials in red and blue ink. This appears to be written on a large scroll, held by two figures of angels, one on either side. It begins with a 3-line red initial 'P' in red: 'Pange lingua gloriose, arboris misterium. que de iesse generose, radice principium, sumens pandit fructuose, david regis filium. ...<\/i>'. <\/p> Frame 3<\/a><\/p> Above this text is a band of brown ground. The tree is rising in the centre. At its foot is the author, a full-length kneeling figure of a bishop wearing a mitre and cope, holding a roll inscribed in red and black ink, the inscription on which does not give his name. It begins 'Iesu Christe redemptor. uirge iesse florentis lilium, ...<\/i>'. On the extreme left and right, is a full-length figure on each side, standing with a roll inscribed in red and blue ink: Dominic (left) and Bernard (right). On the nearer left and right, are kneeling figures of prophets, four on each side, all holding rolls inscribed (in black, red and, blue ink) with prophecies: Above, twigs of foliage growing from the first principal branch (arm), forming eight small circular medallions, containing miniatures with half-length figures, holding inscribed rolls:<\/p> Frame 4<\/a><\/p> Frame 5<\/a><\/p> Frame 6<\/a><\/p> Frame 7<\/a><\/p> At this point, a small section of the Roll is missing and the Tree is incomplete. On the right, only a small, square in shape fragment survives, comprising the right side of the Tree (Branch 19).<\/p> <\/p> Frame 8<\/a><\/p> At this point, the Roll is considerably damaged, and the Tree is incomplete. Only a large, square in shape fragment survives, comprising the right side of the Tree (Branches 20-22). Whilst a considerable portion of the right side of the Tree is missing (including the central trunk and branches), wrongly placed next to it, is a large circular fragment that has been identified (in James\u2019 Descriptive Catalogue of the Latin Manuscripts, page 52<\/a>) to be the section that forms part of the Tree's left side, comprising Branches 23-25. This will be described in its proper place.<\/p> <\/p> At this point, a large section of the Roll is missing, and the Tree is incomplete. Here belongs the large circular fragment (mentioned above) that has been identified to be the section that forms part of the Tree's left side, comprising Branches 23-22.<\/p> <\/p> At this point, the small circular fragment in Frame 9<\/a> has been identified (in James\u2019 Descriptive Catalogue of the Latin Manuscripts, page 52-53<\/a>) to be the left section of the Tree, belonging here - continuation of the Branches 25-26.<\/p> <\/p> Frame 9<\/a><\/p> At this point, the Roll is considerably damaged, and the Tree is incomplete. On the left, only a small, square-ish in shape fragment of the Tree survives, comprised of Branches 27-28.<\/p> <\/p> Frame 10<\/a><\/p> At this point, the Roll is considerably damaged, and the Tree is incomplete. Only a large, square-ish in shape fragment survives, comprising the left side of the Tree (Branches 29-31). Whilst a considerable portion of the right side of the Tree is missing, wrongly placed, is a large circular fragment that has been identified (in James\u2019 Descriptive Catalogue, page 53) to be the section that forms the uppermost part (crown) of the Tree. This will be described later, in its proper place. <\/p> <\/p> Frame 11<\/a><\/p> At this point, the Roll is considerably damaged, and the Tree is incomplete. The Roll consists of several fragments that have been joined together (including a large fragment, circular in shape, on the right), with sections missing.<\/p> <\/p> At this point, in the central trunk of the Tree, a lengthy composition illustrating The Crucifixion occupies the place of the ancestral figure: Christ on the Cross, with a Pelican above. Below, a Temple with rending veil, and rocks. It is comprised of Branches 33 and 34. At the extreme ends are the Evangelistic emblems. <\/p> <\/p> At this point, shifting away from its conventional structure, the secondary branches (tendrils) that usually form large circular medallions, containing miniatures, are no longer present. Here intervenes a composition illustrating scenes from the Crucifixion, extending across the whole breadth of the Tree.<\/p> <\/p> Frame 12<\/a><\/p> At this point, a large horizontal section of the Roll is missing, which affected Branch 39, and largely affecting Branch 40 (Frame 13).<\/p> <\/p> Frame 13<\/a><\/p> Frame 14<\/a><\/p> At this point, the composition is gradually shifting away from its conventional structure. Additional, secondary branches (tendrils) of foliage growing from the centre of the Tree trunk, and the ancestral figures of Maria and Iesus (Branch 44), forming eight large circular medallions (A\u2013H), containing miniatures, crowded with figures representing the Litany of the Saints (or Invocation of Saints), count as Branch 45.<\/p> <\/p> Above, twigs of foliage growing from the secondary branches (A-F and V, count as Branch 46), forming eight small circular medallions, containing miniatures with half-length figures, holding inscribed rolls, with illustrative texts to each of the eight large circular medallions (A-G and V, count as Branch 45), representing the Litany of the Saints (or Invocation of Saints).<\/p> At this point, the Roll is considerably damaged and incomplete. Whilst the Tree continues to ascend, it is shifting away from its conventional structure. The trunk of the Tree and its principal branches (arms) are no longer present, and starting to form is the uppermost part (crown) of the Tree. Largely missing and incomplete secondary branches (tendrils) of foliage ascend to either side, branching and forming large circular medallions (A\u2013F and V, count as Branch 46), containing miniatures crowded with figures, introducing the Hierarchy of Angels (Branches 46-47).<\/p> <\/p> At this point, the Roll is severely damaged, and the Tree is incomplete. Whilst a considerable portion is missing, the large circular fragment in Frame 10<\/a> has been identified (in James\u2019 Descriptive Catalogue, page 53<\/a>) to be a section of the Tree, belonging here - forming the uppermost part (crown) of the Tree (count as Branch 47). Also visible at the lower section of the fragment, are parts of the miniatures (A), (D), and (G) comprising Branch 46, and their corresponding inscribed rolls.<\/p> Branches of foliage, growing from (V) Ordo Thronorum (Branch 46, Frame 14<\/a>), ascend and branch to either side, forming three large circular medallions, containing miniatures of which (A) and (B) complete the Hierarchy of Angels (count as Branch 47).<\/p> <\/p>
Total number<\/i>: 147 (including 8 scenes from the Crucifixion).
(E)\u2013(M)<\/b> are scrolling twigs of foliage, growing from either side of the secondary branches (A)-(D), and forming smaller circular medallions, containing miniatures with half-length figures of prophets, apostles, etc., bearing illustrative texts.
Total number<\/i>: circa 333.
(N)\u2013(Q)<\/b> are the ends of the principal branches (arms) growing from the trunk of the Tree: (O) on the extreme left, and (Q) on the extreme right, represent pink flowers bearing respectively (N) and (P), which are fruits. The flowers are inscribed with names of abstract qualities, virtues, etc. The fruits have illustrative Biblical texts.
(R)\u2013(U)<\/b> are 2-part inscribed divisions contained in the principal branches (arms) growing from the trunk of the Tree: (R) the top left, and (T) the top right are in red ink and are rhythmical invocations of Christ, appropriate to the subjects represented in (A)\u2013(D). (S) the bottom left, and (U) the bottom right, are titles of the Ystoria (antitype) and Figura (type).
Total number<\/i>: 49 [44+5] (45-49 count as branches).
(V)<\/b> are a series of miniatures of half-length ancestral figures, and in cases, other religious subject matters, in the trunk of the Tree. Representing the patrilineage of Jesus, each of the Ancestors is holding a roll, inscribed with an interpretation of his name, and an illustrative text.
Total number<\/i>: circa 41 (including the Crucifixion scene).
<\/div>
Right<\/i>: (E) Ezekiel, (F) Daniel, (G) Job covered in spots, and (H) Solomon.
<\/div>
These kneeling figures are separated by eight 'pullulae<\/i>', large leaves growing out of the ground, inscribed with the mysteries of Jesus Christ's life events: (left to right) 1. Incarnationis, 2. Natiuitatis claritas, 3. Pueritie sanctitas, 4. [illegible], 5. Passionis, 6. Resurrectionis, 7. Ascensionis, 8. [Pentecost].<\/p>
Left<\/i>: The Four Doctors of the Western (Roman) Church. [from left] (A) Augustine, (B) Ambrose, (C) Jerome, (D) Pope Gregory the Great.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Angel. Half-length figure of an Angel holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>: The Four Doctors of the Eastern (Greek) Church. [continues from left] (E) Gregory of Nazianzus, (F) John Chrysostom, (G) Athanasius, (H) Basil the Great.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) God shows Moses the Heavenly Tabernacle. (B) The Angel appears to Joachim among the shepherds.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Abraam. Half-length figure of Abraham holding an inscribed roll
Right<\/i>: (C) The Birth of the Virgin. (D) Mordecai's vision of a Fountain and the Sun.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Esther and other maidens presented to Ahasuerus. (B) Presentation of the Virgin Mary.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Ysaac. Half-length figure of Isaac holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Betrothal of Mary and Joseph. (B) Abishag is presented to King David, who is lying in bed.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Manoah and his wife kneeling before an altar, above which appears an angel in flames of fire. (B) Archangel Gabriel visits Zechariah.
Centre<\/i>:(V) Iacob. Half-length figure of Jacob holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Annunciation. (D) Moses kneeling before the Burning Bush.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Hannah before Eli the High Priest, singing her song of praise. (B) Visitation.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Iudas. Half-length figure of Judah holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Birth of John the Baptist. (D) Birth of Isaac.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Archangel Raphael counsels Tobias to marry Sara. (B) Joseph's first dream. An angel appears to him to explain the Virgin's conception. Mary is seated on the left as the Holy Spirit, in the form of a dove, descends on her.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Pharez. Half-length figure of Perez holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Nativity. Joseph and Mary with Jesus on her lap, with an ox and an ass to the side, and three angels above. (D) Ezekiel\u2019s closed gate.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Jacob's ladder. (B) Angels and shepherds.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Esrom. Half-length figure of Hezron holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Nativity: Adoration of the Shepherds. Mary and Joseph with Christ lying in the manger, adored by shepherds, an ox and an ass. (D) Infant Moses found in the ark of bulrushes.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Pillar of fire leads Israel. (B) Star of Bethlehem and Magi.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Aram. Half-length figure of Aram (Ram) holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Circumcision of Jesus Christ. (D) Pharaoh gives Joseph the name Salvator Mundi.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Queen of Sheba visits King Solomon. (B) Adoration of the Magi.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Aminadab. Half-length figure of Amminadab holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Presentation of Jesus in the Temple. (D) Hannah presents her son Samuel to Eli.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Nebuchadnezzar's vision of the Great Image. (B) Flight into Egypt and the fall of the Egyptian Idols.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Naason. Half-length figure of Nahshon holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Massacre of the Innocents. (D) Pharaoh orders the drowning of all male Hebrew infants.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Crossing of the Red Sea. (B) Return from Egypt.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Salmon. Half-length figure of Salmon holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Jesus in the Temple. (D) Judgement of Solomon.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Passover Lamb. The lintels marked with blood from the paschal lamb. (B) John the Baptist: Ecce Agnus Dei.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Booz. Half-length figure of Boaz holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Baptism of Jesus Christ. (D) Crossing the Jordan River with the Ark of the Covenant.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Archangel Raphael exorcising Asmodeus, the Demon of Lust. (B) Three temptations of Jesus Christ.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Obeth. Half-length figure of Obed holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Angels ministering to Jesus Christ, with a demon (or evil spirit) below. (D) Elijah asleep visited by an Angel who brought bread and water to him.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Ezra reads the Law of Moses. (B) Jesus in the Synagogue of Capernaum.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Iesse. Half-length figure of Jesse holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Calling of the Disciples. Jesus approaching Peter and Andrew, while fishing in the Sea of Galilee. (D) Calling of Elisha. Elijah approaching Elisha, while ploughing in the field.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Feast of Ahasuerus. (B) Marriage at Cana.
Centre<\/i>: (V) David. Half-length figure of David holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Jesus and the Woman Samaria at the well. (D) Rebecca gives drink to Eliezer.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Giving of the Law. (B) Sermon on the Mount.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Salomon. Half-length figure of Solomon holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Miracles of Jesus Christ. The healing of the leper. (D) Elisha healing Naaman, the leper.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Tobias catches the fish. (B) Miraculous draught of fishes.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Roboam. Half-length figure of Rehoboam holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Miracles of Jesus Christ. The healing of a Nobleman's son. (D) The healing of Hezekiah.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Elisha casts salt into the wells of Jericho. (B) Miracles of Jesus Christ: healing of the sick, cleansing the lepers, and casting out the devils.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Abias. Half-length figure of Abijah [partially missing] holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Miracles of Jesus Christ: The raising of Jairus' daughter from the dead. (D) Elijah raises the Widow's son.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: Left: (A) Abigail meets David and kneels to him. (B) Mary Magdalene washes Christ's feet.
Centre<\/i>: (V) [Asa - missing]
Right<\/i>: [The choosing of the Twelve Disciples - missing]. (D) The Twelve Spies before Moses, with two men carrying a cluster of grapes.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) [missing]. (B) [missing].
Centre<\/i>: (V) [Josaphat (Jehoshaphat) - missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) Jesus at the home of Mary and Martha of Bethany. (D) Jacob with Leah and Rachel.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) [missing]. (B) [missing].
Centre<\/i>: (V) [Joram (Jehoram) - missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) Jesus' call of the Seventy (or Seventy-two Disciples). (D) Moses elects the council of seventy elders.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) [missing]. (B) [missing].
Centre<\/i>: (V) [Ozias (Uzziah) - missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) Peter walks on water. (D) Dove returns to the Ark.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) [Pharaoh gives his ring to Joseph - missing]. (B) [The Delivery of the Keys. Jesus Christ gives the keys to Peter - missing].
Centre<\/i>: (V) [Joatham (Jotham) - missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) [missing]. (D) [missing].
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Two Elders before Daniel. (B) Woman taken in adultery.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Achaz. Half-length figure of Ahaz holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) [missing]. (D) [missing].
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) King David driven from Jerusalem. (B) Jews seek to stone Jesus Christ.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Ezechias. Half-length figure of Hezekiah [disfigured] holding an inscribed scroll.
Right<\/i>: (C) The raising of Lazarus. (D) Shunammite\u2019s son raised from the dead.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) David's return to Jerusalem. (B) Jesus' Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem.
Centre<\/i>: (V) [Manasses (Manasseh) - missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) Cleansing of the Temple. (D) Josiah's prophecy against Jeroboam's altar of Bethel.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) [Joseph sold to Potiphar - missing]. (B) [Bargain of Judas - missing].
Centre<\/i>: (V) Amon. Half-length figure of Amon holding an inscribed roll [largely missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) [missing]. (D) [missing].
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) [missing - the inscription refers to Gen. xvii. The Covenant of God with Abraham?]. (B) Last Supper.
Centre<\/i>: (V) [Josias (Josiah) - missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) [missing]. (D) [missing].
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Samson's betrayal to the Philistines [partially missing]. (B) Betrayal of Jesus Christ [partially missing].
Centre<\/i>: (V) Jeconias. Half-length figure of Jeconiah holding an inscribed roll [largely missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) [missing]. (D) [missing].
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Naboth and the false witnesses. (B) Jesus before the High Priest Caiaphas, who is tearing his clothes.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Salathiel. Half-length figure of Shealtiel holding an inscribed roll [largely missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) [missing]. (D) [missing].
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) David in crown and rags feigning madness before Achish. (B) Jesus Christ before Herod.
Centre<\/i>: (V) [Zorobabel (Zerubbabel) - missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) [missing]. (D) [missing].
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Job covered in sores, surrounded by his wife and friends. (B) Jesus Christ Mocked.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Abiud. Half-length figure of Abihud holding an inscribed roll [partially missing].
Right<\/i>: (C) Jesus Christ bearing the Cross. (D) Abraham and Isaac on the way to the place of sacrifice. Isaac carries a bundle of wood on his back (for the altar fire), while his father holds a lighted lantern and a sword.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Creation of Eve. (B) Death of Abel. Slain with a mattock by his brother Cain.
Centre<\/i>: (V) A Temple with rending veil, and rocks, representing the earthquake.
Right<\/i>: (C) Sacrifice of Isaac. (D) Moses and the Brazen Serpent.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: On the immediate left of the Cross, a half-length male figure with a banner representing the Church. Visible below, a partial figure of Adam rising from a tomb [largely missing]: A) Apostles watching. (B) Swooning Virgin and the Holy Women. (C) Dismas, the Penitent Thief. The breaking of his legs with clubs, and an angel takes his soul. (D) Longinus with halo and a spear, on horseback, and soldiers with spears.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Jesus Christ on the Cross. At the top, a pelican in a nest feeding its chicks with its own blood, symbolising the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ for humanity.
Right<\/i>: On the immediate right of the Cross, the Synagogue (disfigured). Visible below, a hand with a sword emerging from the Cross, threatening a male figure, probably a Jewish priest at the altar, who is standing with his hands up by a fire pile: (E) Stephaton with the vinegar-soaked sponge, and Soldiers with spears. (F) Roman Soldiers casting lots for Christ's clothes. (G) Gestas, the Impenitent Thief. The breaking of his legs with clubs, and a devil takes his soul. (F) The Centurion with halo on horseback, and soldiers, with spears and a red banner inscribed with the letters SPQRS (an abbreviation of the title for the Roman state: Senatus Populusque Romanus).
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Joseph\u2019s coat shown to Jacob. (B) Deposition.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Eliacim. Half-length figure of Eliakim holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Entombment [partially missing]. (D) Isaac and Ishmael burying Abraham in the Cave of Machpelah [partially missing].
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Samson and the Gates of Gaza. (B) Harrowing of Hell.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Azor. Half-length figure of Azor holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Resurrection. (D) Jonah swallowed and cast up by the Big Fish, with God above.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) The dead man raised by Elisha\u2019s bones. (B) Saints rise with Jesus Christ.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Sadoch. Half-length figure of Zadok (or Sadoc) holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Jesus Christ appears to the Virgin. A book on her desk inscribed with 'Ave Maria'. (D) Elijah restores the widow's son.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Angel of God appears at Bochim (\u2018locus flentium\u2019: Judges II). (B) Three Women (Three Marys) and an angel at the Tomb.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Achim. Half-length figure of Achim (Akim) holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Noli me tangere ('touch me not'). Jesus Christ appears as gardener to Mary Magdalene. Angels at the tomb in the background. (D) Shunammite woman at Elisha\u2019s feet.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Job restored to prosperity. Friends presenting him with gifts. (B) Jesus Christ appears to the Three Women (Three Marys) at the Tomb.
Centre<\/i>: (V) [Eliud - missing - only the inscribed roll is partially present].
Right<\/i>: (C) Jesus Christ appears to Peter, with Judas in the background, hanging on a tree. (D) Butler and Baker's dreams. The Butler gives a cup of wine to Pharaoh. The Baker on a cross, with birds eating his flesh.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Ahimelech gives David the shewbread (showbread) [partially missing]. (B) Supper at Emmaus [partially missing].
Centre<\/i>: (V) Eliezer. Half-length figure of Eleazar holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Incredulity of Thomas [partially missing]. (D) Benjamin embraces his brother Joseph [partially missing].
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Elisha and the sons of the prophets. (B) Jesus Christ appears to the Disciples in Galilee.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Mathan. Half-length figure of Matthan holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Ascension of Jesus Christ. (D) Elijah translated to heaven.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Jacob blesses Ephraim and Manasseh. (B) Election of Matthias.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Iacob. Half-length figure of Jacob holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Pentecost. (D) Giving of the Law.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) Miracles of Jesus Christ: The raising of Jairus' daughter from the dead. (B) Dormition of the Virgin Mary. Jesus holding her soul, represented as a swaddled infant.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Ioseph. Half-length figure of Joseph holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Last Judgment. (D) Judgment of Solomon.
<\/div>
Left<\/i>: (A) King Solomon and Bathsheba. (B) Coronation of the Virgin Mary.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Maria and Iesus. Half-length figures of Virgin Mary and Jesus Christ holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>: (C) Jesus Christ as the Ruler of the Universe, with a circular dark blue figure representing the universe set with stars, the sun, and the moon; surrounded by angels. (D) Lamb on Mount Zion.
<\/div>
Litany of the Saints (or Invocation of Saints)
Left<\/i>:
(A) Ordo Virginum \u2013 Fourteen [primarily] female figures, representing the Order of Virgins. All in religious clothing (purple and blue, but predominantly of white colour), with their heads surrounded by halos, in sitting and standing poses, facing to the right. Identifiable by their attributes: Saint Catherine of Alexandria holding a spiked wheel, her instrument of torture; Saint Agnes of Rome holding a lamb, the symbol of both her virginal innocence and her name; Saint Helena holding the True Cross; Saint Mary Magdalene holding the alabaster jar from which she anointed Jesus; Saint Barbara holding a chalice and Host, symbols of her involvement with the Christ's Last Rites; Saint Ursula holding a white banner with a red cross, the Christian standard of victory.
(B) Ordo Confessorum \u2013 Fourteen male figures of Archbishops, Bishops, etc., representing the Order of Confessors. All in religious clothing (of purple colour), with their heads surrounded by halos, in sitting and standing poses, facing to the right.
(C) Ordo Martirum \u2013 Fifteen male figures representing the Order of Martyrs. All in religious clothing (of red colour), with their heads surrounded by halos, in sitting and standing poses, facing to the right. Identifiable by their attributes: Saint Stephen holding a palm branch, a symbol of his martyrdom; Saint Lawrence holding a grill, a symbol of his martyrdom; Saints Cosmas and Damian holding ointment jars, symbols of their dispensing medical cures and physicians' expertise.
(D) Ordo Apostolorum \u2013 Sixteen male figures representing the Order of Apostles. All in religious clothing (of dark blue colour, apart from one in crimson), with their heads surrounded by halos, in sitting and standing poses, facing to the right. Identifiable by their attributes: Saint Peter with a tiara, holding the key to the kingdom of heaven; Saint Matthew holding a sword, which is a symbol of his martyrdom.
Centre<\/i>: (V) Maria and Iesus. Half-length figures of Virgin Mary and Jesus Christ holding an inscribed roll.
Right<\/i>:
(E) Ordo Patriarcharum \u2013 Thirteen male figures representing the Order of Patriarchs, in religious clothing (of pink colour), with their heads surrounded by halos, in sitting and standing poses, facing to the left.
(F) Ordo Prophetarum \u2013 Thirteen male figures representing the Order of Prophets. All in religious clothing (of yellow ochre colour), with their heads surrounded by halos, in sitting and standing poses, facing to the left. Various prophets holding scrolls, and unrolled rolls inscribed with their names i.e. Salomon, Isaiah, Jeremiah, etc.
(G) Ordo Anachoretarum \u2013 Fourteen male figures representing the Order of Anchorites (and Hermits). Mostly in religious clothing (of black, brown, white, and blue colours), some in woven reeds and rushes, with their heads surrounded by halos, in standing poses, facing to the left.
(H) Ordo Electorum \u2013 Twenty-four male figures representing the Order of the Elect. All in religious clothing (of blue colour, red, purple, and yellow ochre), in standing poses, applauding, facing to the right.
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The nine orders or choirs of angels in the Hierarchy of Angels are divided into three hierarchies, each of which is divided into three orders (or choirs): the Highest, the Middle and the Lowest; all associated with specific tasks, and bearing symbols denoting their duties.
Right<\/i>:
Third-Lowest Hierarchy of Angels, made up of three orders (Principalities, Archangels, Angels). Reading from centre, left to right:
(A) Ordo Principatum [partially missing] \u2013 A group of figures in clothing of purple colour, with swords, representing the ninth order, the Order of Principalities. Also known as Rulers, they are the guardian spirits of nations and kingdoms. These angels have command over the lower-level angels and charge them with fulfilling the divine ministry.
(B) Ordo Archangelorum [partially missing] \u2013 A group of figures in clothing of blue colour, with balance scales, representing the eighth order, the Order of Archangels. The Seven Archangels are said to be the guardian angels of nations and countries. They serve as divine ambassadors, warrior chiefs and heralds of good news, and reveal the knowledge, God\u2019s will, and prophecies to humans.
(C) Ordo Angelorum [partially missing] \u2013 A group of figures in clothing of white colour, representing the ninth order, the Order of Angels. Messengers to humanity, they are the lowest class of celestial beings, and the most recognised, and considered to be the closest to human beings.
Centre<\/i>:
First-Highest Hierarchy of Angels [between the Third-Lowest and Second-Middle Hierarchy], made up of three orders (Seraphim, Cherubim, Thrones):
(V) Ordo Thronorum [partially missing]. A group of figures in clothing of dark blue colour, representing the third order, the Order of Thrones. These are the Angels of pure Humility, Peace and Submission, considered as the symbols of God\u2019s authority and justice. They reside in the area of the cosmos where material form begins to take shape. The lower order of Angels needs the Thrones to access God.
Left<\/i>:
Second-Middle Hierarchy of Angels, made up of three orders (Dominions, Virtues, Powers). Reading from centre, right to left:
(D) Ordo Dominationum [partially missing] \u2013 A group of figures in clothing of pink colour, representing the fourth order, the Order of Dominions. Also known as Dominations or Lordships, they are Angels of Leadership that regulate the duties of the angels, making known the commands of God.
(E) Ordo Virtutum [partially missing] \u2013 A group of figures in clothing of yellow ochre colour, representing the fifth order, the Order of Virtues. Also known as the Spirits of Motion, they control the elements and assist in governing nature, and are also in charge of miracles and provide courage, grace, and valour.
(F) Ordo Potestatum [partially missing] \u2013 A group of figures in clothing of red colour, with figures of chained black demons, representing the sixth order, the Order of Powers. Also known as potentates or Authorities, they are Warrior Angels who have power over evil forces, defending the cosmos and humans.
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